There is a section on the Web site devoted to dialectal variation in transcription bedfordstmartins. The problem sets following each chapter of Contem- porary Linguistics, along with those in the Study Guide and on the Web site, are extensive enough that some problems can be done by students in class and oth- ers assigned for homework. The instructor sets up the activity in class based on a problem that meets important objectives of the lesson e. After setting up the activ- ity, the instructor withdraws from center stage while students are engaged in completing the tasks.
At the end, after allowing students to report their conclu- sions, the instructor addresses problems and questions arising from the activity and summarizes key concepts or processes. For example, Chapter 3 Phonology , Chapter 4 Morphology , and Chapter 5 Syntax each has an appendix on how to solve problems.
Using data from the appendix, the instructor can show students how to set up a problem on the board or overhead projector, demonstrate the method, and elicit student input until the problem is solved. Then the instructor gives students a fairly easy problem to complete in class on their own within a specified time limit e. At the end of the time period, a student or group demonstrates a solution on the board or overhead with input and questions from the class and feedback from the instructor.
Some problems from the Questions at the end of Chapters 3—5 that lend themselves to this kind of treatment are: 1. Chapter 3, Question 2 Hindi : A speaker of Hindi can pronounce the words before students start to work on the problem.
Chapter 4, Question 4 Persian : The report to be given by students following their work can be apportioned to different groups: one group writes the data on the board or overhead transparency, with slashes separating the morphemes; a second group answers question i; and a third group answers question ii.
Chapter 5, Question 5 tree diagrams for sentences : This should be attempted after the instructor has evidence that students can handle questions 2, 3, and 4. Pairs or groups of students can each be assigned one or two sentences to diagram on the board or on an overhead trans- parency.
Each group presents its diagram for input and questions by classmates. Extensive exercises on drawing tree diagrams are also avail- able in the Study Guide. After students have had their say, the instructor wraps up the discussion by addressing any questions and highlighting any salient concepts illustrated by the problem and its solution.
The problem sets in Contemporary Linguistics provide numerous examples of suitable problems for this kind of treatment, especially in Chapters 3 Phonology , 4 Morphology , 5 Syntax , 6 Semantics , 7 Historical Linguistics , and 17 Computational Linguistics. When students come to class, they could discuss their answers in small groups. Groups would then report their conclusions to the class.
If problems are included in the test, as they should be for the core chapters, the same basic data set can be manipulated to make it more or less challenging. For example, using the Tagalog data from the appendix on solving phonology problems at the end of Chapter 3, here are examples of an easy problem and a more difficult problem. Easy problem: The data set is limited.
It is arranged so that minimal and near-minimal pairs are obvious. Yes No If yes, what are they? Items in the data set are randomized so that minimal and near-minimal pairs are less obvious.
Questions are open- ended, so students must know how to arrive at correct generalizations. Students must examine several possible contrasts. Support your answer with appropriate evidence. Note that the easier problem is less time-consuming to grade because the answers are either right or wrong, and there is only one answer per blank. Grad- ing the more challenging, open-ended question will require reading essay-type answers and finding the answer, although there could easily be a grading rubric for assigning point values.
Using the Ancillaries The ancillaries have been designed to make Contemporary Linguistics more flexible in meeting a variety of student needs. The Study Guide provides short summaries of the main concepts of the first seven chapters of the book and includes numerous exercises with an answer key in the back.
It should prove particularly useful for students who need extra work and self-study material. The exercises are generally fairly short, and several can be used within a class period; in large lecture classes with smaller discussion sessions taught by teach- ing assistants, the Study Guide problems can provide material around which the discussion sessions are organized.
The material on the Web site is designed for both undergraduate and more advanced classes. The interactive and Web-based exercises will be appropriate for a broad range of students, especially for undergraduates, whereas the more advanced material will suit students who are ready for greater challenge.
These are down- loadable from the companion Web site at bedfordstmartins. Answers will vary. Note: At this early point in the course, we do not expect technical expla- nations for the unacceptability of these sentences. Student answers need not include the actual terminology used here. Nise Free Download. Meiners M. Free Download. Cohen, Lydia P. Loren Free Download.
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Rent 3 months. Rent 4 months. Rent 6 months. Rent 1 year. A lucid and authoritative introduction to linguistics Contemporary Linguistics is one of the most comprehensive introductions to the fundamentals of linguistics, balancing engaging aspects of language study with solid coverage of the basics.
One of the most comprehensive and up-to-date introductory texts available. Contemporary Linguistics provides exceptional coverage of core concepts of any introductory text — phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics — while exploring key cross-curricular issues as diverse as sociolinguistics, sign language, and computational linguistics. Author : William O'Grady Publisher: Longman Publishing Group ISBN: Category: Linguistics Page: View: Read Now » An initiation into the intricacies of scientific linguistic analysis, Contemporary Linguistics covers not only how language is structured, but also how it functions both socially and culturally, and how it is acquired and processed by speakers.
It provides an up-to-date introduction with coverage of phenomena that are of special interest and relevance to the linguistic situation in Canada.
Using the generative paradigm, it offers an introduction to linguistic analysis as it is practised at this stage in the development of the discipline.
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